NCLEX-PN Practice Questions

This response uses the therapeutic techniques of making an observation ("You seem very anxious") and offering a broad opening ("Tell me more..."). This validates the client's feelings and invites them to share their specific concerns, which is the first step in addressing their anxiety. The other options are non-therapeutic because they dismiss the client's feelings (false reassurance) or give advice.

First, calculate the percentage of the personal best: (280 / 400) * 100 = 70%. A reading of 70% falls into the Yellow Zone (50-79%). The action plan for the yellow zone indicates that the client should use their short-acting rescue inhaler as a first step to open the airways and then re-evaluate their status.

Primary prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs. Teaching a class on healthy cooking is a strategy to promote healthy lifestyle choices (a low-sodium diet) to prevent the development of conditions like hypertension and heart disease.

Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). Many salt substitutes are made with potassium chloride instead of sodium chloride. Consuming these products while taking spironolactone can dangerously elevate potassium levels, leading to cardiac arrhythmias.

Patient safety is the absolute priority. Once a sterile field is contaminated, it must be discarded and replaced to prevent surgical site infection. The LPN has a professional responsibility to intervene immediately to stop the procedure, identify the break in technique clearly and professionally, and ensure that patient safety is maintained by starting over with a new sterile field. Waiting until later compromises patient care.

The purpose of a midstream collection is to flush away any microorganisms from the urethral meatus before collecting the sample. By urinating a small amount into the toilet first, the client clears the urethra of contaminants. The subsequent "midstream" urine is then collected in the sterile cup, providing a more accurate specimen for analysis.

Clients in a manic phase have high energy levels, poor judgment, and are easily agitated by external stimuli. A low-stimulation environment (e.g., reduced lighting, noise, and activity) is a priority to decrease agitation, prevent escalation of behavior, and promote safety for the client and others. Group activities can be too stimulating and overwhelming.

The priority action is to hold the digoxin and notify the RN. The client's potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that excretes potassium, which is the likely cause. Hypokalemia significantly increases the risk of digoxin toxicity, even with a therapeutic digoxin level. Administering the digoxin could lead to life-threatening arrhythmias.

The primary purpose of the bowel preparation solution is to induce diarrhea to completely cleanse the colon of all fecal matter. This is essential for the physician to have a clear and unobstructed view of the entire mucosal lining of the colon during the colonoscopy, allowing for accurate detection of polyps or other abnormalities.

Adolescents are highly focused on peer groups and social activities. Providing practical strategies for managing their diabetes in these settings is critical for adherence and psychosocial well-being.

Hypoglycemia is an acute, life-threatening complication of insulin therapy. The adolescent must be able to recognize the symptoms and know how to treat it immediately for their safety.

Adolescents have variable schedules, activity levels, and eating habits. Teaching them the basic principles of matching insulin to their lifestyle empowers them to manage their blood glucose effectively and safely.